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analytics and go straight to pattern recognition? A
                     complicated structural equation model, or hybrid utility-

                     maximisation-discrete-choice-agent-based-model or a
                     general equilibrium model may dig down towards a 1:1
                     model of the dimensions of human spatial calculus, for

                     example in making home-buying or shopping-destination
                     choices. But do they produce more insights than observing
                     millions of cases of actual locational or route-choice
                     behaviour? Should the later be used to calibrate the
                     former? Or the former used to explain the latter?

    016
                     The future of the urban digital twin is not quite with us but
                     it almost is. It is not just new skills that are required; real-

                     time urban data streams and massive systems of linked
                     records registered to multiple geographies right down to
                     the individual all force us to re-invent urban science.


                     Professor Chris Webster
                     Dean of Architecture
                     Chair Professor in Urban Planning and Development
                     Economics
                     The University of Hong Kong
                     April 2019
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